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Record W4400787988 · doi:10.25730/vsu.7606.23.035

Наука и лженаука: проблема демаркации

2024· article· en· W4400787988 on OpenAlexaboutno aff
П.А. Романов

Bibliographic record

VenueVestnik Vâtskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. · 2024
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicEducation and Social Development in Ukraine
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsComputer science

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The problem of demarcation of science and pseudoscience is one of the most urgent scientific and philosophical problems. The severity of this problem, realized in the era of Modern times, has increased even more in the technotronic XXI century. The "universe of human errors" together with the "universe of truths" continues to expand, which once again confirms the correctness of Hegel's idea of the "symmetry" of truth and error, of their inseparable dialectical relationship. The existence and flourishing of various pseudosciences in the spiritual culture of modern human society is determined by many reasons: economic, social, political and, of course, psychological. In our article, we turned to the analysis of the epistemological reasons for the existence of pseudoscience. The purpose of the research is to offer the reader a well-founded author's understanding of the problem of demarcation of science and pseudoscience. The subject of our research is the dialectical relationship between science and pseudoscience, which defines the problem of demarcation, the illustration of their common characteristics, the search for their common basis. In the course of the research, we came to the conclusion that this relationship is determined by the unity of the most diverse forms of subjective reflection of objective reality: knowledge, including scientific, opinions, beliefs, beliefs, assessments and even semantic images. From our point of view, being organic components of the process of cognition and spiritual and practical development of reality, all these forms do not exist independently, but as part of special complexes, which we called "metides" in honor of the ancient Greek goddess of knowledge, reason and wisdom, Metis. In our opinion, it is the metiality of cognition and mastering objective reality that determines the very existence of the problem of demarcation of science and pseudoscience and the difficulties in solving it. The results of our research can be used in the process of teaching philosophy and philosophy and methodology of science. Проблема демаркации науки и лженауки является одной из самых актуальных научно-философских проблем. Острота данной проблемы, осознанной в эпоху Нового времени, еще более увеличилась в технотронном XXI в. «Вселенная человеческих заблуждений» вместе с «вселенной истин» продолжает расширяться, что лишний раз подтверждает правильность гегелевской идеи о «симметричности» истины и заблуждения, об их неразрывной диалектической взаимосвязи. Существование и расцвет разнообразных лженаук в духовной культуре современного человеческого общества определяется множеством причин: экономических, социальных, политических и, разумеется, психологических. Мы в нашей статье обратились к анализу гносеологических причин существования лженауки. Цель исследования состоит в том, чтобы предложить читателю обоснованное авторское понимание проблемы демаркации науки и лженауки. Предметом нашего исследования является определяющая проблему демаркации диалектическая взаимосвязь науки и лженауки, иллюстрация их общих характеристик, поиск их общей основы. В процессе исследования мы пришли к выводу о том, что эта взаимосвязь определяется единством самых различных форм субъективного отражения объективной действительности: знаний, в том числе научных, мнений, убеждений, верований, оценок и даже смыслообразов. С нашей точки зрения, будучи органическими компонентами процесса познания и духовно-практического освоения действительности, все эти формы существуют не самостоятельно, а в составе особых комплексов, названных нами «метидами» в честь древнегреческой богини знаний, разума и мудрости Метиды. На наш взгляд, именно метидальность познания и освоения объективной действительности определяет само существование проблемы демаркации науки и лженауки и трудности в ее решении. Результаты нашего исследования могут быть использованы в процессе преподавания философии и философии и методологии науки.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.003
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesScience and technology studies
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: Theoretical or conceptual
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.998
Threshold uncertainty score0.099

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.003
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.002
Science and technology studies0.0020.003
Scholarly communication0.0060.002
Open science0.0000.001
Research integrity0.0010.002
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0300.018

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.018
GPT teacher head0.334
Teacher spread0.316 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations1
Published2024
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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