Membranous translation platforms in the chloroplast of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT A small genome in chloroplasts encodes polypeptide subunits of the photosynthetic electron transport complexes in the membranes of thylakoid vesicles in the chloroplast stroma. Trans-membrane subunits of these complexes undergo co-translational membrane insertion during their synthesis by ribosomes of the bacterial-like genetic system of this semiautonomous organelle. While thylakoid membranes are sites of translation, evidence in the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii supports translation also on non-canonical membranes in a discrete translation-zone in the chloroplast. To characterize the membranous platforms for translation and the biogenesis of thylakoid membrane, we profiled membranes during chloroplast development, using the yellow-in-the-dark 1 mutant, and carried out proteomic analyses on membranes of interest. The results support roles of two membrane types in preliminary and ongoing stages of translation: a “low-density membrane” and a denser “chloroplast translation membrane”, respectively. These roles are based on correlations of the relative levels of each membrane type and the translational status of the chloroplast before, during and after chloroplast differentiation and results of proteomic analyses. Our results support a model of photosynthesis complex biogenesis in a spatiotemporal “assembly line” involving LDM and CTM as sequential stages leading to photosynthetic thylakoid membranes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".