Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Pulmonary Embolism in Patients With a Fractured Neck of Femur
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two patients aged 82 and 77, with a fractured neck of the femur, were found to have primary hyperparathyroidism, characterized by hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. Post-surgery, both developed pulmonary embolism (PE), highlighting a possible link between hypercalcemia and increased hypercoagulation risk. There have been few case reports suggesting the association between hypercalcemia due to hyperparathyroidism and the increase in tendency of hypercoagulation and subsequent risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). This case series offers insights into how ionized calcium influences thrombin formation, platelet activation and aggregation, and activation of clotting factors such as factor VII and factor X, raising questions about the role of chronic hypercalcemia in VTE. Further research is needed to 1) establish whether chronic hypercalcemia in the absence of fracture can modulate the risk of hypercoagulation; 2) determine whether chronic hypercalcemia in individuals with bone fracture may represent a significantly higher hypercoagulability risk during the postoperative periods.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".