Associations of serum cystatin C with depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and cognitive dysfunctions in major depressive disorder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The common illness known as Major depressive disorder (MDD) is defined by significantly increased rates of illness and disease, impairment, and suicidal thoughts. Numerous investigations have demonstrated the significant impact cystatin C plays in cognitive impairment and major depressive disorder (MDD). Aim: To assess the relation between serum cystatin c concentration and depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and cognitive dysfunctions in patients with MDD. Methods: Our case–control study was carried out on 69 patients with major depressive disorder diagnosed according to DSM-V criteria that attended outpatient clinic of the Psychiatry department El-Azazy psychiatric hospital & Psychiatry department at Zagazig university hospitals and 69 healthy controls. Cystatin C level was measured. Results: Cystatin C level was significantly higher in major depression patients compared to controls. There was a significant positive correlation between cystatin C with age, Hamilton depression rating scale, BECK scale and MOCA scale. Cases in rural areas showed significant elevation in cystatin C level compared to cases in urban areas (p=0.025). There was a significant relation between degree of depression, suicidal ideation, cognitive dysfunction and cystatin C as it was significantly higher in these cases. Cystatin C was a significant predictor of major depressive disorder (AUC=0.851, P value<0.001). The suggested cut-off value (>1 mg/L) showed 66.7% sensitivity, 92.8% specificity, 90.3% PPV and 73.6% NPV Conclusion: Serum Cys C levels are associated with depressive symptoms, cognitive dysfunction and suicidal ideation in MDD patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".