Exploring the association between serum Vitamin D levels and the development of coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease - a systematic review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Kawasaki Disease (KD) involves arterial inflammation, primarily affecting the coronary arteries and leading to coronary artery lesions. Recent advancements in understanding the immunomodulatory roles of vitamin D have prompted investigations into the potential correlation between serum vitamin D levels and the risk of coronary artery lesions (CAL) in KD. This review aims to explore this association. METHODS: A systematic search utilizing relevant keywords related to Kawasaki disease and coronary artery lesions was conducted across four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science). The quality of the incorporated studies was assessed utilizing the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The study protocol is registered in PROSPERO under the registry code CRD42024493204. RESULTS: In a review of five studies involving 442 KD patients and 594 healthy controls, KD patients generally had lower serum vitamin D levels compared to controls, with mixed findings on the association with coronary artery lesions and IVIG resistance. While three studies supported lower vitamin D in KD, one showed no significant difference. Regarding CAL, one study found lower vitamin D, another found higher levels associated with CAL, and two found no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the evidence is inconclusive, but there's a trend suggesting potential benefits of sufficient vitamin D levels in Kawasaki disease rather than evidence refuting any association with clinical outcomes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".