Multilevel Drought-Induced Resistance and Resilience Analysis for Vegetation in the Yellow River Basin
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, a multilevel drought-induced resistance and resilience analysis (MDRRA) approach was developed to investigate the stability of vegetation in the Yellow River Basin (YRB). MDRRA was quantified by utilizing the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). It was applied to YRB to assess vegetation resistance and resilience to various levels of drought by utilizing precipitation and NDVI data from 2000 to 2019. The results reveal that vegetation resistance and resilience in YRB are affected by drought severity. Monthly and annual changes in SPI over the warm–temperate humid zone of the YRB show a decreasing trend, with rates of 0.001 per decade and 0.034 per decade, respectively; however, the other climatic subregions exhibit an increasing trend, with rates ranging from 0.002 per decade to 0.82 per decade. Over 77.56% of the downstream areas show increases in the annual SPI averages. Drought severity differs across subregions in the YRB. More severe drought events occur in its upper and middle reaches, while less severe ones happen in its lower reaches. As the drought severity increases, the arid and semiarid regions of the mesothermal zone exhibit a decrease in the resistance and resilience indices. MDRRA can help improve the stability and resilience of the ecosystem in the YRB.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it