Reflection of plane waves from the free surface of a hard sphere-filled elastic metacomposite
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We use an effective medium model to study the problem of reflection of plane waves from the free surface of a half-space occupied by an elastic particulate metacomposite. This problem has received little attention in the recent literature despite its significance from both practical and theoretical points of view. Classical formulas for the reflection angles and amplitudes of the reflected waves for a homogeneous elastic half-space with no wave attenuation are extended to a particulate metacomposite half-space with wave attenuation. We also include a detailed discussion concerning the reflected plane shear wave and surface compressional wave in the case of an incident shear wave propagating at an incident angle smaller than the critical angle. The efficiency and accuracy of the model are demonstrated via detailed comparisons between the predicted phase velocity and attenuation coefficient of plane waves in an (infinite) entire space and the corresponding results available in the literature. The implications of our results on the reflection of plane waves from the free surface of a hard sphere-filled elastic metacomposite are discussed. We mention that a quantitative validation of our results cannot be made here as a result of the lack of availability of established data in the existing literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".