Sex-specific Associations of Aldosterone and Renin With Body Composition: A Population-based Cohort Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
CONTEXT: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation is closely linked to obesity; however, the sex-specific associations between RAAS activity and body composition among individuals without obesity are not well understood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of aldosterone and renin with body composition according to sex in the general population. DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. SETTING: Québec (Canada). PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged 40 to 69 years enrolled in CARTaGENE between 2009 and 2010 (N = 3687). EXPOSURES: Plasma aldosterone and renin concentrations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body composition assessed via anthropometrics (waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio), bioelectrical impedance (lean body mass, fat mass, and muscle mass), and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (epicardial and pericardial adipose tissue volumes). RESULTS: The mean (SD) age and body mass index were 55 (8) years and 27.3 (4.8) kg/m2, respectively. Among males, higher aldosterone and renin were associated with increased waist circumference, increased waist-to-hip ratio, increased fat mass, decreased lean body mass, and decreased muscle mass (P < .05). Aldosterone (P = .02), but not renin (P = .43), was associated with increased ectopic cardiac adiposity in males. In contrast, higher renin (P < .05), but not aldosterone (P ≥ .05), was associated with increased waist circumference, increased waist-to-hip ratio, and increased cardiac adiposity in females. Among females, higher renin and aldosterone were associated with increased fat mass (P < .05) but were not associated with lean body mass or muscle mass (P ≥ .05). All aforementioned associations were independent of body weight. CONCLUSION: Independent of body weight, increased RAAS activity is associated with unfavorable differences in body composition; however, the strength and pattern of association varies by sex.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".