Clinical outcomes of inferior oblique myectomy in age categorized patients with unilateral superior oblique palsy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Unilateral superior oblique palsy (SOP) is the most common isolated cranial nerve palsy. This report looks at the results and safety of inferior oblique (IO) myectomy for SOP. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients with fusional ability who underwent IO myectomy for unilateral SOP over a 15-year period, at one of our university-associated health care centers. Primary outcomes were: distance hypertropia and excyclotropia in primary position, inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) and the correlation between the age at surgery and the residual distance hypertropia. Results: A total of 73 patients with unilateral SOP who underwent IO myectomy were included in the analysis. Mean pre-operative values were: distance hypertropia: 15.41 ± 6.8 Prism Diopters (range 4-30 PD), IOOA: +2.2 ± 0.7 (range 0-3.5) and excyclotropia: +5.34 ± 3.6° (range 0-12°). Mean post-operative values were: distance hypertropia: 3.7 ± 3.4PD [0-14PD], IOOA: -0.1 ± 0.8 [(-2)-2] and excyclotropia: +1.1 ± 2.3°[(-5)-10]. The younger age group (0-20 years old) had a trend toward smaller preoperative distance hypertropia (P = 0.051), and a significantly smaller distance hypertropia post-operatively (p = 0.007). There was no case of ocular complication. Conclusions: On average, IO myectomy results in a 11.7PD reduction of the distance hypertropia, and 4° reduction of excyclotropia, with an effective reduction of IOOA. While these results are comparable to other surgical methods reported in the literature, they underline an efficacy without the risks of complications such as anti-elevation syndrome and possible scleral perforation. The younger age group had a trend toward smaller preoperative deviation, and better outcomes compared to the older age group.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".