Differential prevalence and prognostic value of metabolic syndrome components among patients with MASLD
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background & Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is becoming increasingly prevalent in the general population. This study aimed at describing the cardiometabolic burden of the MASLD population and to identify patients at the highest risk of all-cause mortality and liver fibrosis. Methods: We analysed individuals with MASLD enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) III study (N = 3,628) and in the NHANES 2017-2020 study (n = 2,618). MASLD was defined as hepatic steatosis (by ultrasonography or controlled attenuation parameter), together with cardiometabolic dysfunction. Primary endpoints were all-cause mortality and liver fibrosis (liver stiffness measurement ≥8 kPa). Regression models were adjusted for age, sex, race, marital status, education, and smoking, and results were stratified by age groups (20-40, 40-60, 60-80 years). Results: Among the total MASLD population (median age = 48, [25th to 75th percentiles: 36-62] years, 44.8% males), 65% had three or more cardiometabolic disorders. The most frequent were obesity (89.1%), (pre-) diabetes (66.6%), and low-HDL (54.7%). During a median follow-up of 22.3 (25th to 75th percentiles: 16.9-24.2) years, 1,405 deaths occurred. Hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.42, 95% CI 1.26-1.61), (pre-)diabetes (aHR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09-1.49), and hypertriglyceridaemia (aHR 1.19, 95% CI 1.05-1.34) were the strongest predictors of all-cause mortality. Consistent results were obtained regarding the association between cardiometabolic disorders and fibrosis. Here, increased waist circumference (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.45, 95% CI 1.44-8.25), (pre-)diabetes (aOR 1.90, 95% CI 1.44-2.25), and hypertension (aHR 1.84, 95% CI 1.40-2.43) showed the strongest associations. Conclusions: MASLD patients vary greatly in their cardiometabolic burden and consequently, in their prognosis. Our results highlight MASLD as a disease spectrum rather than as a single disease entity, necessitating an individualised treatment approach. Impact and implications: Understanding the disease burden of MASLD patients is key, but can be challenging for healthcare professionals. Results from the current study indicate that cardiometabolic risk management is particularly warranted in the younger adult population, with specific attention to hypertension and (pre-)diabetes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it