Intergeneric chromosome-specific painting reveals differential chromosomal transmission from Tripidium arundinaceum in sugarcane progeny
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sugarcane has recently attracted increasing attention for its potential as a source of sugar and bioethanol, so increasing its yield is essential to ensure the sugar security and bioenergy production. Intergeneric hybridization is a highly efficient method to produce new genetic variants of crop plants, particularly those species with high ploidy such as sugarcane ( Saccharum spp.). Tripidium arundinaceum exhibits many desirable agronomic traits, and has been widely studied to produce hybrids with improved stress tolerance and other characteristics in sugarcane breeding. However, the genetic relationship between T. arundinaceum and Saccharum species, and the individual T. arundinaceum chromosomal compositions in sugarcane hybrids are still elusive. Here we used whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to ascertain the phylogenetic relationships between these species and found that T. arundinaceum is more closely related to Saccharum than Sorghum , in contrast to the previous narrow genetic analyses using chloroplast DNA. Additionally, oligonucleotide (oligo)-based chromosome-specific painting derived from Saccharum officinarum was able to distinctly identify the chromosomes of T. arundinaceum . We developed the oligo-genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) system for the first time, to unveil the novel chromosome translocations and the transmission of individual T. arundinaceum chromosomes in sugarcane progeny. Notably, we discovered that the chromosomal transmission of T. arundinaceum exhibited several different inheritance modes, including n, 2n, and over 2n in the BC 1 progenies. Such inheritance patterns may have resulted from first division restitution (FDR) or FDR+nondisjunction of a chromosome with the sister chromatids in the second meiosis division/second division restitution (FDR+NSC/SDR) model during meiosis. These results will be of substantial benefit for the further selection of T. arundinaceum chromosomes for sugarcane genetic improvement.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it