Effect of Mitochondrial Transfer via Centrifugation on Insulin Resistance in C2C12 Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Insulin resistance is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Whether mitochondrial transfer using the centrifugation method has a beneficial effect on insulin resistance in muscles has not been reported yet. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mitochondrial transfer via centrifugation on insulin resistance in C2C12 cells. Methods: Insulin resistance was induced in C2C12 cells using palmitate. Healthy mitochondria from C2C12 cells were transferred into insulin-resistant C2C12 cells using the centrifugation method. Glucose uptake was evaluated to confirm the effect of mitochondrial transfer on insulin resistance. Whether mitochondrial dysfunction was improved was assessed based on changes of mitochondrial contents and function. Results: Healthy mitochondria were transferred into C2C12 cells using the centrifugation method. Mitochondrial transfer improved 2-deoxy glucose uptake in palmitate-treated C2C12 cells. It enhanced mitochondrial function by restoring adenosine triphosphate synthesis. Mitochondrial transfer increased the relative level of mitochondrial DNA copy number. Conclusions: Mitochondrial transfer via centrifugation improved insulin resistance in C2C12 cells. J Endocrinol Metab. 2024;14(4):207-212 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jem994
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".