Cell-Free Extracts of the Ginseng Soil Bacterium Pseudomonas plecoglossicida Promote Suppression of Resistance of American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) to Root Rot Caused by Ilyonectria mors-panacis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A prior report showed that soil previously planted with American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) contained compound(s) which could reduce ginseng resistance to root infection by Ilyonectria mors-panacis, and this was not found in extracts from ginseng roots or soils not previously planted with ginseng. However, the origin of this ginseng-related factor in ginseng soils is unknown. An isolate of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida obtained from soil where P. quinquefolius had been harvested grew more in culture media when ginseng root extract was included, indicating the use of compounds in the extract as nutrients. Treatment with cell-free extracts from media containing ginseng root extracts where P. plecoglossicida had been cultured resulted in root lesions caused by I. mors-panacis being significantly larger than roots treated with fresh media containing root extract or with cell-free media inoculated with the same bacterial isolate without root extract. Levels of ginsenosides in the media decreased over time with incubation. Genome sequencing revealed that the bacterium had genes homologous to those reported for ginsenoside metabolism, which can release sugars for microbial growth. Thus, a ginseng soil bacterium, P. plecoglossicida, can create compound(s) suppressive to root rot resistance, similar to that found in soils previously planted with ginseng, indicating that the activity suppressing root rot resistance in soil previously planted with ginseng may be of microbial origin, utilizing compounds from ginseng roots.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".