Dynamics of nonthermal states in optimally doped <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">B</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">i</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">r</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">a</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.92</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Y</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.08</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">u</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>δ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> revealed by midinfrared three-pulse spectroscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the cuprates, the opening of a $d$-wave superconducting (SC) gap is accompanied by a redistribution of spectral weight at energies two orders of magnitude larger than this gap. This indicates the importance to the pairing mechanism of on-site electronic excitations, such as orbital transitions or charge transfer excitations. Here, we resort to a three-pulse pump-probe scheme to study the broadband nonequilibrium dielectric function in optimally doped $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{i}}_{2}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{r}}_{2}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{a}}_{0.92}{\mathrm{Y}}_{0.08}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{u}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{8+\ensuremath{\delta}}$ and we identify an interband excitation peaked at 2 eV whose spectral weight is transiently modified by the pump. Photoexcitation with near-infrared and midinfrared pulses, with photon energies, respectively, above and below the SC gap, reveals that the spectral weight dynamics is different for different pump wavelengths and depends on the time order of the two photoexcitations. The picture that emerges is that, while high-energy pulses excite quasiparticles in both nodal and thermally inaccessible antinodal states, photoexcitation by low-energy pulses mostly accelerates the condensate and creates excitations predominantly at the nodes of the SC gap. These results, rationalized by simulations based on the kinetic equations for $d$-wave superconducting gaps, indicate that dynamical control of the momentum-dependent distribution of nonthermal quasiparticles may be achieved by the selective tuning of the photoexcitation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.021 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".