Injectable and 3D Extrusion Printable Hydrophilic Silicone-Based Hydrogels for Controlled Ocular Delivery of Ophthalmic Drugs
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
While silicone elastomers have found widespread use in the biomedical industry, 3D printing them has proven to be difficult due to the material’s slow drying time, low viscosity, and hydrophobicity. Herein, we arrested the hydrophilic silicone (HS) macrochains into a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) via an in situ photogelation-assisted 3D microextrusion printing technique. The flow behavior of the pregel solutions and the mechanical properties of the printed HS hydrogels were tested, showing a high elastic modulus (approximately 15 kPa), a low tan δ, high elasticity, and delayed network rupturing. The uniaxial compression tests demonstrated a nearly negligible permanent deformation, suggesting that the printed hybrid hydrogel maintained its elastic properties. Drug loading and diffusion in the microporous hydrogel are shown via the non-Fickian anomalous transport mechanism, leading to highly tunable loading/releasing profiles (approximately 20% cumulative release) depending on the HS concentration. The drug encapsulation exhibits exceptional stability, remaining intact without any degradation even after a storage period of 1 month. As far as we know, this is the first soft biomaterial based on HS that functions as an exceptional controlled drug delivery device.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it