Tissue-specific expression of HCN and its metabolic precursors in <i>Trifolium repens</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cyanogenesis, the release of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), is governed by two loci, Ac and Li, in white clover ( Trifolium repens L.). Ac encodes a three gene region that regulates cyanogenic glucoside production, while Li encodes linamarase that hydrolyzes cyanogenic glucosides to produce HCN. We examined Ac and Li expression in leaf, floral, and root tissues of cyanogenic and acyanogenic plants, complemented by gene expression analysis, to understand tissue-specific expression of HCN metabolism. Ac metabolic expression was present in leaves, absent in roots, and rare in flowers. Li metabolic expression in leaves perfectly correlated with that in flowers but was present in roots regardless of linamarase presence in leaves, suggesting spatial enzyme expression variation due to a homologous gene copy. HCN expression in flowers was infrequently expressed at low concentrations in plants with functional Ac and Li. Gene expression analysis confirmed some tissue-specific expression patterns and also suggested more complex molecular regulation than previously described. This study provides the first detailed examination of cyanogenesis tissue specificity in white clover, a plant of agriculture significance. The varied expression of cyanogenic secondary metabolites across tissues indicates the need for research into how white clover regulates its defenses to conserve resources.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".