Mechanistic Elucidation of green seaweed compounds in orthodontic relapse management via RANKL/TNF-α-mediated ROS/Keap1/Nrf2 signaling: In silico and Ex Vivo studies
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Orthodontic relapse, the return to a pre-treatment position after orthodontic correction, is driven by the RANKL/TNF-α-mediated ROS/Keap1/Nrf2 signaling axis. This mechanism triggers aseptic inflammation and oxidative stress, influencing bone resorption and formation. Antioxidants can mitigate oxidative stress, potentially improving post-orthodontic outcomes. This study explores the efficacy of antioxidant compounds derived from green seaweed/algae in managing orthodontic relapse. Green seaweed/algae extracts were prepared via sonication, and bioactive compounds were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis. Compounds underwent bioactivity prediction, toxicity assessment, and drug-likeness evaluation, revealing significant therapeutic potential. Network pharmacology and molecular docking identified key proteins associated with orthodontic relapse, including IL-1β, STAT3, ESR1, MAPK1, JAK2, and HMOX1. Molecular docking simulations indicated favorable binding energies for green seaweed compounds, particularly the alkaloids adenosine (ΔG −6.9 to −7.3 kcal/mol) and lycopodine (ΔG −6.3 to −8.5 kcal/mol), against targeted proteins, matching or outperforming standard drugs such as s-ibuprofen (ΔG −6.7 kcal/mol). In vitro assays confirmed the antioxidant activity of these compounds, with EC 50 dose of 52.2–54.2 μg/mL for ABTS radical scavenging capacities. Protein expression analysis in tibial-femoral bone marrow cells further demonstrated the potential of green seaweed/algae compounds to suppress osteoclastogenesis by modulating the RANKL/TNF-α-mediated ROS/Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. This research highlights the promise of green seaweed-derived antioxidants in reducing oxidative stress and managing orthodontic relapse, providing a foundation for future therapeutic developments. • Green seaweed potential in reducing oxidative stress and preventing orthodontic relapse. • Green seaweed suppresses osteoclastogenesis by modulating the RANKL/TNF-α-mediated ROS/Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. • Pharmacologists and clinicians must collaborate to bring promising food functional findings from the bench to the bedside.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it