HER2 becomes a novel survival biomarker for gastric cancer patients: a pooled analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Although anti-HER2 therapies have been widely used against gastric carcinoma, the prognostic significance of HER2 overexpression remains unclear. Previous studies failed to provide convincible evidence due to inconsistent HER2 evaluation criteria and heterogeneous clinical characteristics. Objectives: To figure out the prognostic significance of HER2 expression in gastric cancer, we rigorously designed and conducted this study. Design: Meta-analysis. Data sources and methods: Record retrieval was performed by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, ASCO, and ESMO meeting libraries from inception to November 2022. Cohort studies investigating overall survival comparison between HER2-positive and HER2-negative gastric cancer patients were included. Both resectable and advanced cases were separately collected while HER2 evaluation standards should be consistent across eligible studies. Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. Overall survival was the only endpoint and effect size was presented by hazard ratio (HR) with its 95% confidence interval. The pooled calculation was conducted on Review Manager 5.4. Results: Thirty studies were eligible, including 9945 patients. Eligible studies were mostly high quality ( n = 31). Regarding resectable cases ( n = 22), HER2-positive groups had significantly worse prognosis than HER2-negative counterparts (HR 1.56, 95%CI 1.32–1.85, p < 0.00001). For HER2-positive patients with advanced gastric cancer ( n = 10), HER2 overexpression was also an unfavorable survival indicator (HR 1.70, 95%CI 1.23–2.35, p = 0.001). Potential heterogeneous studies had been eliminated while outcomes remained stable by sensitivity analysis. Subgroup analysis suggested HER2-positive patients had a poorer prognosis in both East Asian (resectable: HR 1.56; advanced: HR 1.32) and non-East Asian countries (HR 1.58; HR 3.27). Conclusion: As a novel survival biomarker in gastric cancer, HER2 overexpression indicates unfavorable prognosis among both resectable and advanced patients, irrespective of East Asian or non-East Asian populations. Trial registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020168051).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.018 | 0.027 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.016 | 0.050 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".