Geopolitical Conflict and Cross-Border Cooperation between the EU and Russia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article explores the hypothesis that geopolitical tensions at the macro-level (e.g., between the EU and Russia) may be mirrored differently at the national and local levels. Despite the general EU freeze in relations with Russia after the Crimean annexation of 2014 until March 2022, the EU continued to provide support for cross-border cooperation programs at the local level between actors in Russia and those EU states that border Russia. The paper examines the manner in which CBC initiatives with the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland) were treated in Russian media in the period following the 2014 Ukraine crisis until 2021. The purpose of the media analysis is to determine the extent to which the Russian side made a linkage between the local cooperation and geopolitical tensions, with Polish media coverage providing a comparative reference point. The analysis finds that while geopolitical events can, under extreme circumstances, severely interfere with local dynamics that may promote cooperation in international relations, in the face of less severe geopolitical tension local cross-border initiatives can proceed relatively undisturbed, particularly if they have a non-political nature. Un répit au milieu des tensions géopolitiques ? La coopération transfrontalière entre la Russie et l’Union européenne dans les médias russes de 2014 à 2021 Cet article explore l’hypothèse que les tensions géopolitiques à grande échelle, par exemple entre l’Union européenne (UE) et la Russie, ne sont pas nécessairement répliquées à l’identique aux niveaux national et local. Malgré le gel des relations entre la Russie et l’UE après l’annexion de la Crimée en 2014, jusqu’en mars 2022 l’UE a maintenu des programmes de coopération transfrontalière à l’échelle locale entre des acteurs en Russie et les États de l’UE qui partagent une frontière avec ce pays. L’article examine comment les médias russes ont couvert les initiatives transfrontalières avec les pays baltes et la Pologne au cours de la période de 2014 à 2021 qui a suivi la crise d’Ukraine. Le but de cette analyse des médias est de déterminer dans quelle mesure les Russes établissent un lien entre la coopération à l’échelle locale et les tensions géopolitiques ; les médias polonais servent à établir un point de référence pour la comparaison. Les résultats de l’analyse concluent que la coopération transfrontalière locale peut se poursuivre sans interruption face à des tensions géopolitiques moindres et ce surtout si elle n’est pas de nature politique. Les dynamiques locales de promotion des relations internationales ne sont impactées sévèrement par les tensions géopolitiques que dans des circonstances extrêmes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".