Efficacy of natural eggshell membrane for knee osteoarthritis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
• Natural eggshell membrane was effective in reducing pain and joint function of early-stage knee osteoarthritis patients. • Natural eggshell membrane significantly improved quality of life of early-stage knee osteoarthritis patients. • Natural eggshell membrane significantly changed cartilage oligomeric matrix protein of knee osteoarthritis. • No adverse effect significantly relevant to the natural eggshell membrane was found. Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative disease in older adults. Natural Eggshell Membrane (NEM) comprises bioactive ingredients known to relieve the symptoms of KOA, such as glycosaminoglycans, and has been shown by preclinical studies to be effective in the treatment of KOA. Participants received either NEM (n = 49) or a placebo product (n = 50). After 12 weeks of NEM intake, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score, visual analog scale pain score, and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF score (physical health, social relationship score) significantly improved compared to those in the placebo group ( p < 0.05). However, NEM intake did not significantly change in inflammation and cartilage markers, except for cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. Additionally, no serious adverse events were associated with NEM intake. The 12-week NEM intake was effective and safe for improving pain and joint function in patients with early-stage KOA.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it