Robust methods, tricky materials: Challenges in dating high common-Pb perovskite from Cretaceous Brazilian kimberlites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Kimberlites and related rocks are the focus of research and exploration in the Alto Paranaiba Igneous Province (APIP; Brazil) due to their potential correlation with adjacent diamond fields. New U-Pb perovskite ages were obtained using recommended protocols for error propagation and data interpretation. Despite the utility of perovskites for dating, their incorporation of significant common-Pb (common-Pb of new APIP data: 52–84 % for in situ analyses, 75–95 % for TIMS concentrate analyses) limits the age resolution of this dating approach. Consequently, the APIP U-Pb ages neither confirm nor discredit previously proposed geodynamic models that invoke age progression or distinct magmatic episodes. Comparing the new ID-TIMS and LA-ICP-MS ages of the same intrusions, the LA-ICP-MS data have lower uncertainties, largely due to accessing a greater spread in common-Pb, improving regressions, and tend to yield older ages. For perovskite grains collected from weathering profiles , we found evidence of Pb-loss. This process leads to higher uncertainties in individual analyses, increased data scatter, and consequently higher uncertainties in age estimates. For fresh samples with different degrees of crustal contamination from a single intrusion, we found an indication of some variability in 207 Pb/ 206 Pb and 238 U/ 206 Pb ratios of the perovskite data, with a tendency towards older ages for more contaminated sample. For almost fresh intrusions with geochemically and isotopically similar mantle sources , related to the same event and in a close geographic area , we prefer to use a unique local 207 Pb/ 206 Pb ratio as anchoring for each Tera-Wasserburg plot. This approach is particularly preferred when perovskite data of an intrusion are too clustered and the 207 Pb/ 206 Pb ratio from the unanchored T-W differs from that predicted from theoretical Pb-isotope evolution model. Despite the high-common Pb in APIP perovskite crystals, our new data using these strategies clearly indicate that APIP magmatism is restricted to the Cretaceous, with most cases crystallized in Upper Cretaceous , but some from Early Cretaceous , such as the diamondiferous occurrence of Catalão-1b (120.6 ± 6.7 Ma). Different triggers of APIP magmatism are related to both episodes, mainly attributed to supercontinent break-up stages.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.035 | 0.047 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".