Flexural Performance of Beams Strengthened with FRP Laminates and Alternative U-Wrap Anchors
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Premature debonding is identified as the main failure mode in reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with externally bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) laminates. This issue leads to the underutilization of FRP materials and needs to be addressed. Research has shown that end anchorage systems can effectively delay/mitigate delamination failures and enhance the performance of strengthened beams. FRP U-wraps are an effective means to prevent debonding failure; however, as open-form anchors, U-wraps cannot always guarantee complete resistance to debonding failures. This study proposes an alternative U-wrapping technique where the ends of the U-wraps are flared and inserted into the concrete substrate. The feasibility and effectiveness of this technique were studied by comparing it with conventional U-wraps. The experimental phase involved testing seven RC beams, each measuring 1.96×0.15×0.3 meters, under four-point bending. The results showed that the anchorage technique improved beam performance in terms of load-deflection behavior, failure modes, ductility, and FRP strain. Additionally, finite element simulations were conducted using Abaqus software to assess the effectiveness of the alternative U-wrap scheme. These models incorporated various nonlinear material constitutive laws, including cohesive zone modeling to replicate debonding failures at the CFRP-concrete interface. The numerical predictions were found to be in good agreement with the experimental test data. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-08-01 Full Text: PDF
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it