Reduced Dissociation between Perception and Action in Individuals with Autism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Changes in perceptual behaviors are commonly reported in individuals with Autism. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that mediate these alterations are yet to be determined. One hypothesis is that these changes are the result of reduced cortical specialization. In this study, we scrutinize this hypothesis utilizing the framework of the functional dissociation between perception and action. Past studies have demonstrated that unlike their robust effect on perception, altering the temporal or spatial size context of stimulus presentation have little effect on grasping. Therefore, we manipulated the temporal or spatial context of stimulus presentation, while both autistic and neurotypical participants completed grasping and estimation tasks. In Experiment 1 (spatial context), we used two objects that differ in size, and placed on an illusory Ponzo background such that they were perceived as “close” or “far” from the observer. The neurotypical individuals showed a perception-action dissociation with a robust effect of the illusion only during the estimation task, and no effect of the illusion during grasping. In contrast, autistic individuals were affected by the illusion under both conditions. In Experiment 2 (temporal context), we presented a standard stimulus (40mm) in two temporally distinct blocks. In one block (“wide”), the stimuli used as flanks for the standard stimuli encompassed a larger range (20-60mm). In the other block (“narrow”), the flanks encompassed a smaller range (35-45mm). The neurotypical individuals showed a perception-action dissociation with a robust effect of the experimental temporal context only during the perceptual task. In contrast, autistic individuals showed a consistent effect of the experimental temporal context under the perceptual and the visuomotor task, with larger JNDs for the standard stimulus presented during the “wide” block. Taken together, these results provide converging evidence for reduced functional dissociation between perception and action in autism, such that perceptual representations intrude and modulate visuomotor behaviors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".