Sputum culture conversion and its predictors among drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients in eastern Ethiopia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Evidence of time to culture conversion is used to predict the time of cure from the disease and the overall drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) treatment duration. Even though evidence about sputum culture conversion is enormous in TB treatment, no study has yet been done in our areas, where cases are common. The study aimed to assess the time to sputum conversion and its predictors among drug-resistant TB patients from October 2013 to September 2021 in eastern Ethiopia. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in eastern Ethiopia among 273 drug-resistant TB patients who were treated from October 2013 to September 2021 at Dire Dawa City and Harari regional treatment centres. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the median time of sputum culture conversion. Cox proportional hazards regression was employed to detect the predictors of sputum culture conversion. An adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to determine the strength and significance of the association. RESULTS: Of the 273 drug-resistant TB patients, the sputum culture of 216 (79.12%) patients became negative in a median time of 3 months (interquartile range 2-7). The time to sputum culture conversion was negatively associated with underweight (aHR 0.65 [95% CI 0.49 to 0.90]) and poor adherence (aHR 0.41 [95% CI 0.24 to 0.69]). The time to sputum culture conversion was also positively associated with patients resistant to two or more drugs (aHR 1.58 [95% CI 1.07 to 2.32]) and patients receiving a short treatment regimen (aHR 2.24 [95% CI 1.10 to 2.55]). CONCLUSIONS: A shorter culture conversion rate was observed compared with the median time recommended by the World Health Organization. Being underweight, poor adherence to treatment, resistance to two or more drugs and receiving a short treatment regimen were found to be predictors of time to sputum culture conversion. Implementing nutrition assessment, counselling and support of drug adherence may improve sputum culture conversion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".