Compact Dual-Polarized Low Sidelobe Monopulse Slot Antenna Array Based on Gap Waveguide Technology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new approach for integrating unequal power dividers into a series-fed resonant slot antenna subarray is proposed, to reduce the sidelobe level (SLL) while avoiding bandwidth degradation in an extended linear slot antenna array. Subsequently, a compact dual-polarization (DP) antenna array is designed to utilize gap waveguide (GWG) technology, which features high gain, low sidelobe, and high efficiency. By coordinating power-weighted feeding networks (FNs), a 2-D low SLL array is accomplished. Furthermore, monopulse comparator networks are incorporated to expand the potential application scenarios. A prototype array antenna was fabricated and measured to validate the design performance. The measured and simulated results are compared, indicating −10 dB impedance matching of 10% and 12% for vertical and horizontal polarization, respectively, while maintaining consistent performance across both sum and difference ports. For both polarizations, the measured peak gains of sum ports exceed 30.6 dBi over the operating frequency band, with antenna efficiency generally exceeding 50%. At 23.5–24.5 GHz, the first SLLs in azimuth and elevation planes are lower than −19 and −22 dB, respectively. Meanwhile, the difference patterns exhibit a null depth of approximately −37 dB relative to the sum pattern peak within the operating band. The proposed antenna array can provide individual amplitude for each element, demonstrating exceptional performance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".