Influencing Canadian young adults to receive additional COVID-19 vaccination shots: the efficacy of brief video interventions focusing on altruism and individualism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Younger adults, aged 18–39 years, exhibit low COVID-19 additional vaccine (i.e., vaccination beyond the original 2-dose series) uptake recommended in Canada. No study has examined how altruistic and individualistic messaging can influence COVID-19 additional dose intentions. The present study aimed to estimate the efficacy of altruism and individualism-based videos on vaccine intentions and to explore the multivariable associations between vaccine related individual psychosocial factors and intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Using a web-based survey in a three-arm, pre-post randomized control trial design, we recruited Canadians aged 18–39 years in both English and French. Participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive the active control (COVID-19 general information), control + altruism or control + altruism + individualism. The video interventions were developed with a media company, based on results of a focus group study conducted previously. The measurement of COVID-19 additional dosage intentions before and after completing the interventions was informed by the multistage Precaution Adoption Process Model. The McNemar Chi-square was used to evaluate within-group changes, and the Pearson Chi-square test was used to evaluate between-group changes post-intervention. The measurement of various psychosocial factors was informed by use of validated scale and self-report questions. We employed a generalized Structural Equation Model to evaluate the associations between COVID-19 vaccine intentions and the psychosocial factors. Analyses were performed on 3,431 participants (control: n = 1,149, control + altruism: n = 1,142, control + altruism + individualism: n = 1,140). Within-group results showed that participants transitioned significantly in all three groups in the direction of higher intentions for receiving additional COVID-19 vaccine doses. The between-group differences in post intervention vaccine intentions were not significant. We found that psychosocial factors that include, collectivism, intellectual humility, intolerance to uncertainty, religiosity, identifying as gender diverse, and being indigenous were associated with higher vaccine intentions, whereas pandemic fatigue was associated with lower vaccine intentions. Our study highlighted that a short video that includes altruism and individualism messaging or general COVID-19 information can increase intentions to vaccine among young adults. Furthermore, we gained a comprehensive understanding of various psychosocial factors that influence ongoing COVID-19 vaccination. Our findings can be used to influence public health messaging around COVID-19 vaccination.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".