Identification of a novel ephemerovirus in a water buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i> [Linnaeus, 1758])
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ephemeroviruses, belonging to the genus Ephemerovirus within the family Rhabdoviridae of the Mononegavirales, are non-segmented, negative-strand RNA viruses that infect artiodactyls and blood-sucking arthropods. Although recent advances in sequencing technology have facilitated the identification of novel ephemeroviruses, thereby expanding our understanding of this viral genus, their diversity remains elusive, as evidenced by phylogenetic gaps between currently known ephemeroviruses. In this study, we analyzed publicly available RNA-seq data and identified a novel ephemerovirus, tentatively named Punjab virus (PBV), in a water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis [Linnaeus, 1758]). We obtained two separate PBV contigs from the RNA-seq data; the first contig covers the N, P, and M genes, while the second contig covers the G, α, β, γ, and L genes. Together, these PBV contigs represent 99% of the estimated complete viral genome. Mapping analysis revealed a typical transcriptional gradient pattern commonly observed in mononegaviruses, suggesting that the water buffalo is the authentic host for PBV. Sequence comparisons with its closest relatives indicate that the newly identified virus meets the ICTV species demarcation criteria for sequence divergence. Thus, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the diversity of ephemeroviruses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".