The effect of yoga and aerobic exercise on children’s physical activity in rural India: a randomized controlled trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to test the effect of both yoga and aerobic exercise on children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in rural India. Methods The study utilized secondary data from a randomized, controlled, open-labelled, single-center, two-site, parallel-group trial. The study was conducted in rural India over a 6-month period between 2018-2019. Children aged 6 to 11 years were randomized into three groups: aerobic exercise (30 minutes, 5 days/week), control (no intervention), and yoga (30 minutes, 5 days/week). MVPA was measured at baseline and at six months using the Quantification of Physical Activity in School Children and Adolescents survey adapted and validated for Indian children. Overall sample and gender-segregated data were analyzed using paired sample t-tests and one-way analysis of variance with post-hoc analyses. Findings In the overall sample (N=151), mean MVPA (minutes/day) increased significantly in both yoga (n=50; p<0.001) and aerobic exercise (n=49; p<0.001) groups from baseline to endline. Among males, mean MVPA increased significantly from baseline to endline in all three groups, including the control group (n=23; p=0.005). Among females, mean MVPA increased only in the yoga group, with baseline to endline change being significant across the three groups (p=0.005), and with the yoga group depicting greater change in comparison to the control group (p=0.004). Conclusions Our findings suggest that both yoga and aerobic exercise can increase MVPA among rural children, with yoga being particularly beneficial for girls – a significant finding to inform culturally-appropriate active living policies to minimize the current physical activity gender gap in India. These findings can have implications for public health programs and policies not only in India but across other rural areas worldwide, where similar challenges in promoting physical activity among children may exist.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".