Examining the Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Cannabis Use: A Research Protocol
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder depicted through positive and negative symptoms that interfere with daily functioning (Cornblatt et al., 1985; Liu et al., 2020). Schizophrenia is characterized by an insidious loss in brain function in the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, a region which precipitates interference of perceptions, thought processes, and emotional affect (National Institute of Health, 2024). This proposed study aims to investigate the longitudinal effects of high potency cannabis use and the development of schizophrenia symptoms over a period of 5 years. Utilizing a cross cross-sequential approach, adolescent participants n = 200, ages 13-19 will be recruited from the community and self-report strains of cannabis consumed, frequency of usage, and fluctuations in mood and perceptions. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and after 5 years using standardized measures including the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANNS), Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS), and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III). Anticipated results include a dose-dependent relationship, with higher levels of psychosis reported in the high potency cannabis group. Additionally, participants in the high potency group are expected to demonstrate higher scores on the psychometric tests used for assessing schizophrenia symptoms, as well as show signs of cognitive decline when compared to the low dose and control groups. These findings will contribute to the understanding of the long-term effects of cannabis use in adolescents and inform prevention strategies for the prodromal period of schizophrenia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.027 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.046 | 0.013 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".