Allelochemical and soil fungi co-determine conspecific density dependence in a temperate forest
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ecological theory predicts that high local diversity observed in plant communities could be maintained by soilborne pathogens and allelopathic autotoxicity that trigger negative conspecific density dependence (CDD), but mutualistic fungi and allelopathic promotion could simultaneously counteract these biotic processes. Here, we combined a phenolic-acid addition experiment of tree seedlings associated with different mycorrhizal fungi with an extensive field survey to test the allelopathy-fungi mechanisms relate to CDD in a natural temperate forest. Overall, allelopathic effects on seedling growth were generally stronger than fungal effects, and allelochemicals altered how plants interacted with soil fungi in a dose-dependent manner. Contrary to expectation, ectomycorrhizal trees suffered stronger negative CDD than arbuscular mycorrhizal trees driven largely by allelopathy, although ectomycorrhizal fungi could offset some of this allelopathic autotoxicity. Together, allelopathy may thus be an important driver of CDD via affecting both plants and plant-microbe interactions, although the precise effects should be species specific.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".