Undrained bearing capacity of obliquely-eccentrically loaded shallow foundations overlying a heterogeneous and inherently anisotropic clay deposit
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Clay deposits typically exhibit significant degrees of heterogeneity and anisotropy in their strength and stiffness properties . Such non-monotonic responses can significantly impact the stability analysis and design of overlying shallow foundations. In this study, the undrained bearing capacity of shallow foundations resting on inhomogeneous and anisotropic clay layers subjected to oblique-eccentric combined loading is investigated through a comprehensive series of finite element limit analysis (FELA) based on the well-established lower-bound theorem and second-order cone programming (SOCP). The heterogeneity of normally consolidated (NC) clays is simulated by adopting a well-known general model of undrained shear strength increasing linearly with depth. In contrast, for overconsolidated (OC) clays, the variation of undrained shear strength with depth is considered to follow a bilinear trend. Furthermore, the inherent anisotropy is accounted for by adopting different values of undrained shear strength along different directions within the soil medium, employing an iterative-based algorithm. The results of numerical simulations are utilized to investigate the influences of natural soil heterogeneity and inherent anisotropy on the ultimate bearing capacity, failure envelope, and failure mechanism of shallow foundations subjected to the various combinations of vertical-horizontal ( V-H ) and vertical-moment ( V-M ) loads.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".