One artery to rule them all: A case of single coronary artery arising from the right sinus of Valsalva
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A single coronary artery (SCA) is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of 0.024 - 0.066% in angiographies and potential implications for adverse events depending on the course of the anomalous artery. We present a unique case of a single coronary artery arising from the right sinus of Valsalva. A 77-year-old female presented to the emergency department with an ongoing 3-hour episode of palpitations and intermittent atypical chest pain over 1 week. Her medical history included hypertension and dyslipidemia. Electrocardiography revealed atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response, which was successfully managed with intravenous amiodarone and the diagnostic workup ruled out life threatening thoracic pathology including cardiac ischemia. A CT coronary angiography was performed due to the moderate pretest probability of coronary artery disease. The scan identified a single coronary artery with a common origin of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) and the right coronary artery (RCA), from the right sinus of Valsalva, classified as Lipton Type RII-A which is a benign variant. This case highlights the importance of identifying CAAs, which are often incidental but may have clinical relevance depending on the anatomical course and associated risk factors. Early and accurate diagnosis through advanced imaging techniques is crucial to guide appropriate management and ensure optimal outcomes for the patient.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".