On the disruption of the horseshoe vortex in flow past bed-mounted cylinders
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study investigates the disruption of the horseshoe vortex (HSV) formed around a bed-mounted circular cylinder using helical strakes. Three cylinders were studied: one plain and two with helical strakes, oriented at 30° and 0° to the vertical mid-plane, respectively. A planar particle image velocimetry technique was employed for the measurement of the velocity field near the upstream cylinder-bed junction. The results revealed that strakes oriented at 0° prevent the formation of the HSV by disrupting the downward flow near the cylinder-bed junction. In contrast, a strong downflow was observed near the bed for the plain and 30° straked cylinder. The 0° helical strakes can be potentially used as scour-countermeasure around the pier due to their ability to disrupt the HSV. Analysis of turbulent stresses further demonstrated that the 0° straked cylinder experienced a reduction in Reynolds shear stress compared to both the plain and 30° straked cylinder.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".