How Should We Expand Access to Psychedelics While Maintaining an Environment of Peace and Safety?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Psychedelics have long been used by individuals seeking peace and a sense of wellness.This article examines widespread adoption of ketamine as a proxy for psychedelics.For ketamine, there is a need to protect vulnerable persons from exploitation that should be balanced against risks of hypermedicalization.This article suggests strategies for striking such a balance, including by carefully differentiating between persons with psychiatric illnesses, such as treatment-resistant depression, who could benefit from psychedelics, and persons using psychedelics for peace and wellness under careful guidance. Wellness Pursuits in Clinical SettingsVarious methods are used to achieve an individual sense of peace and wellness in modern clinical and nonclinical settings, including meditation, prayer, dietary changes, self-reflection, and substance-mediated peace experiences.These practices have varying degrees of published evidence to support their efficacy, but virtually all methods of attaining peace are heavily marketed-sometimes with strong claims to being the correct, or even the only, method of attaining peace if properly followed.The marketing of personal peace and wellness can take advantage of the vulnerabilities of people who are desperate to feel better at any cost and who might in fact be seeking these resources during an episode of psychiatric illness.A wide variety of clinicians, therapists, coaches, guides, and other leaders in health and wellness practices are positioned to wield their credibility over these practices for personal gain.Often, those who are critical of the medicalization of psychedelic experiences have just as much-or more-financial incentive to market their methods.In this article, we discuss the case of ketamine treatment to explore the ethical obligations of health professionals to be aware of the benefits, detriments, and economic interests at play in the growth of modern psychedelic administration as a peace and wellness practice.Brief History of Psychedelics Psychedelics are a heterogeneous group of compounds that produce a profound effect on mood and consciousness.Historically, psychedelics have been defined exclusively by 5HT-2A receptor antagonism, with recent debates considering a broader definition that includes compounds that induce psychedelic-like experiences (such as ketamine,
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".