Novel pharmacologic inhibition of lysine-specific demethylase 1 as a potential therapeutic for glioblastoma
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A) is a pivotal epigenetic enzyme that contributes to several malignancies including malignant glioma. LSD1 is a flavin adenine dinucleotide dependent histone demethylase that specifically targets histone H3 lysine (K) 4 mono- (me1) and di-methylation (me2) and H3K9me1/2 for demethylation. Herein we report the development of an LSD inhibitor, S2172, which efficiently penetrates the blood-brain barrier. S2172 effectively suppresses LSD1 enzymatic activity, resulting in the depletion of cell growth both in vitro in glioma stem cells (GSCs) (mean half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of 13.8 μM) and in vivo in a GSC orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Treatment with S2172 robustly reduced the expression of the stemness-related genes MYC and Nestin in GSC cells. Consistent with this, chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing revealed a significant S2172-dependent alteration in H3K4me2/H3K4me3 status. Furthermore, we identified 284 newly acquired H3K4me2 peak regions after S2172 treatment, which were encompassed within super-enhancer regions. The altered H3K4me2/H3K4me3 status induced by S2172 treatment affected the expression of genes related to tumorigenesis. Our data suggest that targeting LSD1 with S2172 could provide a promising treatment option for glioblastomas, particularly due to targeting of GSC populations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".