Evaluating the socioeconomic burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension on employment and workplace productivity: A Canadian, cross-sectional study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious condition that commonly affects working-age individuals. This study evaluates the socioeconomic burden of PAH with an emphasis on workplace- and activity-related limitations. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of symptomatic patients ≥18 years with self-reported Group 1 PAH using surveys distributed between 15-08-2023 and 09-10-2023. Workplace- and activity-related limitations were assessed using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire. Predictors of non-employment were assessed using logistic regression. Results: 217 patients were included. Most patients were female (84%) and White (84%) with a median age of 60 years (IQR 46, 68). The majority of patients were self-reported functional class (FC) II (109 patients, 50.2%) or III (73 patients, 33.6%). Of 151 (69.6%) non-employed patients, 76 (50.3%) were retired and 43 (28.5%) reported disability. Of 61 (21.8%) working patients, PAH-related impairment was 42% (SD 29.0%), overall work impairment was 46% (SD 31.6%), and activity impairment was 54% (SD 29.2%). Predictors of employment included younger age, better FC, and being in a living-together relationship (Figure 1). Conclusion: Patients with PAH were frequently not employed. Among employed patients, diminished workplace productivity and activity were commonly reported. erj;64/suppl_68/PA2498/F1 F1 F1
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".