Degree of composite action of steel beams with precast concrete hollow core slabs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Different construction challenges followed by harsh environmental conditions triggered the human intention to precast composite structures. The precast concrete hollow core (PCHC) slabs have been popular, especially for multi-story long-span composite structures. In comparison to conventional solid concrete slabs, they have the advantages of being more lightweight, fire-resistant, soundproof, and cost-effective. However, the composite action between the steel beams and PCHC slabs is neglected in the design codes. This paper aims to investigate the composite action between the PCHC slabs and steel beams through an experimental study. Two full-scale flexural tests were performed on specimens of 203 cm and 254 cm PCHC slabs connected to the steel beam via 19 mm diameter shear studs. Instrumentations and data acquisition systems recorded the failure modes and crack formations. Also, the digital image correlation (DIC) technique was applied to capture the neutral axis position during the loading process. Finally, the degree of composite action (DCA), an important parameter to describe the structural behavior of the composite beam, was calculated based on the analytical and experimental bending moments of the specimens.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".