Abstract 4145127: Sex Differences in Everyday Mood States and its Association with Autonomic Physiology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Although CHD incidence is low amongst young and middle-aged women, those who have premature MI are at a high risk of mortality. Greater psychosocial exposures and mental health comorbidities in women may play a role. We hypothesize that women age ≤ 60 years with recent MI have a higher burden of everyday negative psychological experiences, and that these are associated with greater real-time cardiac autonomic dysfunction compared with men. Methods: We examined real-time mood and autonomic function in 239 participants aged ≤ 60 years with an MI within 8 months. We performed smartphone-based ecological momentary assessments of stressful events and negative mood states (anger, anxiety, distress, loneliness, and sadness) at 3 random points throughout the day for one week. Participants simultaneously wore a Holter monitor to measure autonomic function. Our primary exposure was the average negative mood intensity (rated 0 to 10) throughout the week, and our primary outcome was reduced deceleration capacity of heart rate (DC) during sedentary periods as a measure of lower vagal activity. Other measures of dysautonomia included lower high (HF) and low frequency (LF) heart rate variability (HRV). We used multivariable linear regression models to adjust for potential confounders. Results: The mean age was 52 years, 51% were black, and 36% were women; 76% of women reported at least one stressful event in the week of monitoring, vs. 64% of men (p=0.04). Women reported more negative mood than men by 0.39 units (p=0.02) on average. DC, averaged across the week, was 12% lower, LF HRV was 41% lower, and HF HRV was 34% lower in women than in men. As the weekly average of negative mood increased, the weekly average of DC declined in women only (Figure). After adjusting for age, current smoking, diabetes, and beta-blocker use, each 2-point increase in the negative mood score was associated with a 12% (95% CI: 6.12%-17.88%) lower DC in women only. Similar findings were observed for HF and LF HRV. Conclusions: Young and middle-aged post-MI women reported more real-time negative psychological states, which were associated with worse autonomic function compared to men with early MI. Resting autonomic function was also lower in women. Negative mood in daily life has disproportionate impact on cardiac autonomic regulation among women. Psychophysiological mechanisms are important in the examination of sex-based disparities in CHD pathophysiology and outcome.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".