Remediation and resource utilization of Cr(Ⅲ), Al(Ⅲ) and Zr(Ⅳ)-containing tannery effluent based on chitosan-carboxymethyl cellulose aerogel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Composite aerogel based on sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC Na) and chitosan (CS), i.e., CS/CMC Na, was prepared through a sol-gel method. Then, CS/CMC Na was used for simulating the adsorption of metal ions (Cr 3+ , Al 3+ and Zr 4+ ) produced by the tanning industry. The adsorption process is consistent with the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model and pseudo-second order kinetics. The maximum fitted adsorption capacities of Cr 3+ , Al 3+ , and Zr 4+ could reach 250.0, 111.1, and 100.0 mg/g, respectively. After metal ion adsorption, the obtained composite materials (CS/CMC Na-Cr 3+ , CS/CMC Na-Al 3+ , and CS/CMC Na-Zr 4+ ) were used as re-tanning agents in the re-tanning process to leather. The re-tanning agent could increase the shrinkage temperature of leather by up to 5 °C. Compared with the traditional method, the method utilized in this study achieved the integration of mental ions-containing wastewater treatment and waste adsorbent/adsorbates recycling.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".