The role of ATP-binding Cassette subfamily B member 6 in the inner ear
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABCB6 has been implicated in dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria, a condition characterized by hyperpigmented and hypopigmented skin macules. Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria can also present with hearing loss. Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria-associated mutations in ABCB6 have been reported, but the role of this protein in the inner ear has not been studied. Here we determine a high-resolution (2.93 Å) cryo-EM structure of ABCB6 and functionally characterized several dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria mutants. We find that the L356P mutant abolishes ABCB6 function, and affirm the underlying loss of ATP binding mechanism using molecular dynamics simulations based on our cryo-EM structure. To test the role of ABCB6 in the inner ear, we characterize Abcb6 (the ABCB6 homolog) in zebrafish. We show that Abcb6 suppression by morpholinos reduces inner ear and lateral line hair cell numbers. Morphants also lack the utricular otolith, which is associated with vestibular function. Co-injecting morpholinos with human ABCB6 mRNA partially rescues the morphant phenotype, suggesting that Abcb6 plays a developmental role in inner ear structures. Further, we show that Abcb6 knockout mice exhibit an increased auditory brainstem response threshold, resulting in reduced hearing sensitivity. Taken together, these data suggest ABCB6 plays a role in inner ear development and function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".