Cold-induced thermogenesis requires neutral-lipase-mediated intracellular lipolysis in brown adipocytes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids (FAs) are the major substrates fueling brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Investigation of mouse models has previously called into question the contribution of brown adipocyte intracellular lipolysis to cold-induced non-shivering thermogenesis. Here, we determined the role of the lipolytic enzymes, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), in BAT thermogenesis. Brown fat from mice with inducible brown-adipocyte-specific deletion of ATGL and HSL (BAHKO) is hypertrophied with increased lipid droplet size and preserved mitochondria area and density. Maintenance of body temperature during cold exposure is compromised in BAHKO mice in the fasted but not in the fed state. This altered response to cold is observed in various thermal and nutritional conditions. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography using [ 11 C]-acetate and [ 11 C]-palmitate shows abolished cold-induced BAT oxidative activity and impaired FA metabolism in BAHKO mice. Our findings show that brown adipocyte intracellular lipolysis is required for BAT thermogenesis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".