Ice angling for northern pike (Esox lucius) with tip ups: Hook style affects angler catch and fish welfare
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Catch and release ice angling exposes fish to environments and techniques that differ markedly from those in the open-water season. Accordingly, we studied the influence of quick-strike treble hooks and 0º offset circle hooks on aspects of northern pike ( Esox lucius ) capture and behaviour using tip-ups during the winter. Based on 221 northern pike captured over three winters, quick strike rigs with multiple hooks had higher catch success, but extended dehooking time and caused more foul hooking. Deep hooking events were infrequent but were most likely to occur when pike were captured on the single treble quick strike rig and circle hook. Camera footage revealed that pike were tentative and appeared to require considerable time to strike. Hook style had no influence on fish behaviour when striking. Our findings suggest that the use of triple treble quick strike rigs may provide benefits to anglers because they hook more and slightly larger fish and do not result in deep-hooking events. Circle hooks caught in the jaw most frequently and were the easiest to remove most of the time; however, they periodically deep-hooked fish, which was unexpected. Ultimately, angler tackle choice will affect their enjoyment of ice angling, and the potential for stress and injury to fish when using tip ups. Image 1 . (A) Jaw hook placement with single treble quick strike rig. (B) Underwater footage of pike striking smelt presented on tip-up. (C) External hook placement with the double treble quick strike rig. (D) Jaw hook placement with the circle hook.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".