Religion, Politics, and Geography in British America's Northeastern Borderlands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 1774, in the midst of revolutionary unrest, the Reverend Ezra Stiles took pen to paper to process his feelings about British America and the struggles he believed it faced. In addition to expressing his sentiments in written diary entries, he opted to produce a map. Titled “The Bloody Church,” it presented a depiction of British America’s geography that was religiously informed. At the top of the map was the British province of Quebec, a former French colony that had been incorporated into the British Empire in 1763, at the end of the Seven Years’ War. Quebec, which Stiles shaded in noticeable red ink, stood in stark contrast to the rest of British North America. Despite the fact that Stiles also distinguished New England and northern parts of the middle colonies from the southern and Chesapeake colonies, he did so in much subtler fashion. Rather than the very obvious contrast between a “bloody” red Quebec and the rest of British America, the tones differentiating the other regions were purposefully more similar in appearance, both being shades of green. Straightaway, Stiles communicated his belief that there was a plain and seemingly ominous distinction dividing British America—one rooted in religious differences. Whereas the rest of British America was defined by different Protestant institutions, Stiles labeled Quebec as a place of “Idolatry and the CHURCH of ROME.” 1
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".