Fast-charging all-solid-state battery cathodes with long cycle life
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many battery applications target fast charging to achieve an 80 % rise in state of charge (SOC) in < 15 min. However, in the case of all-solid-state batteries (SSBs), they typically take several hours to reach 80 % SOC while retaining a high specific energy of 400 W h k g cell − 1 . We specify design strategies for fast-charging SSB cathodes with long cycle life and investigate the fast-charging capability of a sulfide-based single crystal Li-Ni-Mn-Co oxide composite cathode. At 30 °C and charging at 15 mA cm − 2 , a specific capacity of 150 mA h g − 1 was achieved in ∼ 8 min, with 81 % capacity retention after 3000 cycles. Critically, a 3-electrode arrangement was used to avoid the common problem of overcharging at high current densities. By following the design strategy and optimized manufacturing, a 210 µm thick cathode was able to be charged at an extraordinary current density of 50 mA cm − 2 to reach an areal capacity of 8 mA h cm − 2 in only 10 min, suggesting practical cathodes for SSBs with 400 W h k g cell − 1 may be within reach. • Fast charging at 15 mA cm −2 and room temperature demonstrated in composite cathodes. • 80 % increase in state of charge in < 10 min revealed by a 3-electrode arrangement. • 81 % capacity retention after 3000 fast-charge cycles. • Design guidelines for fast-charging all-solid-state battery cathodes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".