Mapping biosynthesis pathway of natural folate during <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> subsp. <i>plantarum</i> fermentation in purple cabbage by transcriptomic analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Folate is an important one-carbon cycle donor involved in the synthesis of purines, thymine, pantothenic acid, serine and glycine. The present study aimed to explore the capacity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum (L. plantarum subsp. plantarum) to synthesize folate in fermenting MRS and purple cabbage juice (PCJ). The mechanism underlying folate biosynthesis was investigated by transcriptomics. We aimed to find important genes and transcription factors involved in folate production by analyzing gene expression during L. plantarum subsp. plantarum fermentation. RESULTS: The results showed a 44% increase in total folate content in the PCJ medium, with 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) contributing to a substantial 28% of this increase, whereas no folate was detected during MRS fermentation. The mechanism of folate production during the fermentation involved the coordinated regulation of multiple genes. The expression of some key genes (aroC, pabA, folE, folA and MTHFR) was upregulated during fermentation, and the expression of MTHFR, a gene related to 5-MTHF synthesis, was increased by 8.4 times. These genes play roles in different steps of the folate synthesis pathway, including substrate synthesis, metabolic regulation and catalytic reactions. CONCLUSION: Our results revealed the expression of all genes involved in the biosynthesis of 5-MTHF during L. plantarum subsp. plantarum fermentation, indicating the integrity of its biosynthetic pathway. The findings provide a scientific basis for folate production by optimizing fermentation conditions, further helping research on folate synthesis in other fermented foods. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".