Anishininew infant feeding experiences in Sandy Lake, Canada: a story of Waabeequanee
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Global public health recommendations for optimal infant nutrition include exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life. Breastfeeding has several benefits; however, breastfeeding initiation rates and duration remain below recommendations in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. Sandy Lake First Nation is particularly interested in understanding infant feeding experiences of community members to support increased breastfeeding initiation and duration. Therefore, this project aims to understand Indigenous caregiver infant feeding experiences using qualitative and Indigenous methodologies. As part of the Sandy Lake Health and Diabetes Project, a community-based participatory project focused on the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus, qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 Anishininew caregivers living in Sandy Lake, Ontario. These interviews were tape recorded and transcribed verbatim. The Anishininew medicine wheel and situational analysis were used to inform our methods throughout this work. We recruited 32 co-creators, ages 18-57 years, who contributed knowledge through 26 individual and group interviews that occurred between August and October 2019. Two overarching themes, community context and caregiver identities, were identified that encompass six and eight specific themes, respectively, representing infant feeding experiences in Sandy Lake. Community members provided a variety of recommendations to help support infant nutrition in Sandy Lake, including a focus on structural needs like higher income and water security. This work highlights the need for birthing supports within remote Indigenous communities, and the inclusion of local and Indigenous knowledge in programming.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.033 | 0.008 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".