A practical field assay to detect demethylation inhibitor fungicide resistance in <i>Clarireedia jacksonii</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Dollar spot, caused by Clarireedia jacksonii , is one of the most common turfgrass diseases, and requires abundant fungicide use for control. Currently, identification resistance to demethylation‐inhibitor fungicides requires lab facilities for isolation and sensitivity assessment. We have developed a selective medium containing 0.5 µg/mL propiconazole, antibiotics, and tartaric acid capable of identifying propiconazole‐resistant isolates from field samples. Tests with leaves from inoculated turfgrass plots showed that from ∼2000 samples, resistant or sensitive isolates could be identified accurately 96% of the time. Field tests by both end users (turf managers) and researchers were conducted at 20 locations across Southern Ontario involving over 200 samples. Clarireedia jacksonii was found at 13 of the sampled locations on non‐fungicidal media, and at 12 of these locations, propiconazole‐resistant isolates were found using amended media. The proportion of resistant isolates found ranged from 0% to 100% at the locations. This field assay can be developed into a field kit for turf managers, and this proof of concept will assist in the development of similar assays for other pathogens and on other crops.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".