Unraveling the interplay between phylogeny and chemical niches in epiphytic macrolichens
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the connection between the phylogeny of epiphytic macrolichens and their chemical niches. We analyzed published floristic and environmental data from 90 canopies of Picea glauca x engelmannii across various forest settings in British Columbia. To explore the concordance between a principal coordinates analysis of the cladistic distance matrix and a global non-metric multidimensional scaling of the ecological distance matrix, we used Procrustean randomization tests. The findings uncover a robust association between large-scale macrolichen phylogeny and canopy throughfall chemistry. The high calcium-scores of the studied species effectively distinguished members of the Peltigerales from those of the Lecanorales, although parameters linked with Ca such as Mn, Mg, K, bark-, and soil-pH, may contribute to the niche partitioning along the oligotrophic-mesotrophic gradient. The substantial large-scale phylogenetic variation in the macrolichens' Ca-scores is consistent with an ancient adaptation to specialized chemical environments. Conversely, the minor variation in Ca-scores within families and genera likely stems from more recent adaptation. This study highlights crucial functional and chemical differences between members of the Lecanorales and Peltigerales. The deep phylogenetic connection to the chemical environment underscores the value of lichens as transferable bioindicators for the chemical environment and emphasizes the importance of elucidating the intricate interplay between chemical factors and lichen evolution.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".