Switchable Photovoltaic Effect Induced by Light Intensity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Photovoltaic devices capable of reversible photovoltaic polarity through external signal modulation may enable multifunctional optoelectronic systems. However, such devices are limited to those induced by gate voltage, electrical poling, or optical wavelength by using complicated device architectures. Here, we show that the photovoltaic polarity is also switchable with the intensity of incident light. The modulation in light intensity induces photovoltaic polarity switching in geometrically asymmetric MoS 2 Schottky photodiodes, explained by the asymmetric lowering of the Schottky barrier heights due to the trapping of photogenerated holes at the MoS 2 /Cr interface states. An applied gate voltage can further modulate the carrier concentration in the MoS 2 channel, providing a method to tune the threshold light intensity of polarity switching. Finally, a bidirectional optoelectronic logic gate with “AND” and “OR” functions was demonstrated within a single device.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".