Impact of bending angle on antiresonant fibers with optimized symmetric geometries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hollow core fibers are unique in reducing signal latency, as well as providing low dispersion and low nonlinearity. Their adoption is hindered by cost, particularly for complex structures that provide the lowest loss. Designs of antiresonant nodeless fiber (ANF) with uniformly sized capillaries, symmetric structures , and without nesting have simple structures that could more readily achieve commercial exploitation. We investigate simple ANF structures for short-reach applications where reduced latency is critical and transmission lengths are short enough to allow a trade-off on loss. A common design rule in ANF targets a ratio of 0.68 for capillary diameter to core diameter . We find that when such a design is combined with a large core diameter, the fiber is highly sensitive to bending orientation. We identify ANF designs that offer single-mode operation with acceptable loss, as well as robustness to bending radius and orientation. When there is no bending, our best design has a simulated loss of ≤ 7 dB/km at the worst-case C-band wavelength. At bending radii of 21 and 18 cm, the worst-case loss over all bending orientations and throughout the C-band is 14.5 and 17.52 dB/km, respectively. Higher-order mode suppression exceeds 20 dB under all conditions (bending and wavelength).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".